The Indian Mutiny of 1857-1858: Causes and Consequences :: British History

The Indian Mutiny of 1857-1858 Causes and ConsequencesUnder the presidential term of the Marquess of Dalhousie (Governor-General 1848-56), the last of the strong-minded Indian call downs, including the wealthy Muslim state of Oudh, were annexed by the British. To consolidate this modern territory, some degree of Westernisation was introduced an Indian rail line and road system was essential and the first three Indian universities were founded, creating a tier of high-caste men meliorate according to the British system exclusively not fully structured into those careers of civil service and regular army awaiting them. tiddler marriage and the practice of suttee antecedently had been abolished and, in 1856, a regulation was passed requiring sepoys to go to overseas thereby losing caste. some(prenominal) the annexation and consolidation heightened tension among government and population and confusion was inevitable when the Indian section of the army was allocated cartri dges smeared with the fat of cows and pigs, muddy to both Hindu and Muslim elements.The arise lasted thirteen months from the rising of Meerut on 10 May 1857 to the fall of Gwalior on 20 June 1858.The sepoys were quickly united by large numbers of civilians sustenance the reinstatement of both a big businessman and a Maratha emperor and by landlords, specially those of Oudh, penalised by the new administration and its policy of exporting raw materials for fabricate in Britain. Historians agree that the tumult was characterised by violent reprisals on every side but, at to the lowest degree in British historical tradition, the around significant events are the massacres at Meerut, Cawnpore and Lucknow post-mutiny literature dwelling on the delegate of women and children especially.The mutiny, regarded by many as Indias first War of Independence, was to have authorized consequences and the structure of British India was to be re-organised extensively. Increasingly, India c ame under direct Crown see as the British due east India Company was dispossessed of its functions and, in 1877, queer Victoria was crowned Empress. patronage the severity of European reprisal as individually territory had been regained and its subsequent defending proposals of military alteration, a measure of placation had been introduced to administrative policy. Integration of the higher castes and princes was now considered important, land policy was rewrite and plans for radical social turn were shelved.The Indian Mutiny of 1857-1858 Causes and Consequences British accountingThe Indian Mutiny of 1857-1858 Causes and ConsequencesUnder the administration of the Marquess of Dalhousie (Governor-General 1848-56), the last of the independent Indian states, including the wealthy Muslim state of Oudh, were annexed by the British. To consolidate this new territory, some degree of Westernisation was introduced an Indian railway and road system was developed and the first thr ee Indian universities were founded, creating a tier of higher-caste men educated according to the British system but not fully incorporated into those careers of civil service and army awaiting them. Child marriage and the practice of suttee previously had been abolished and, in 1856, a regulation was passed requiring sepoys to serve overseas thereby losing caste. Both the annexation and consolidation heightened tension between government and population and mutiny was inevitable when the Indian section of the army was allocated cartridges smeared with the fat of cows and pigs, unclean to both Hindu and Muslim elements.The mutiny lasted thirteen months from the rising of Meerut on 10 May 1857 to the fall of Gwalior on 20 June 1858.The sepoys were quickly joined by large numbers of civilians supporting the reinstatement of both a Moghul and a Maratha emperor and by landlords, particularly those of Oudh, penalised by the new administration and its policy of exporting raw materials for manufacture in Britain. Historians agree that the mutiny was characterised by violent reprisals on either side but, at least in British historical tradition, the most significant events are the massacres at Meerut, Cawnpore and Lucknow post-mutiny literature dwelling on the fate of women and children especially.The mutiny, regarded by many as Indias first War of Independence, was to have important consequences and the structure of British India was to be re-organised extensively. Increasingly, India came under direct Crown rule as the British East India Company was dispossessed of its functions and, in 1877, Queen Victoria was crowned Empress. Despite the severity of European reprisal as each territory had been regained and its subsequent defensive proposals of military alteration, a measure of conciliation had been introduced to administrative policy. Integration of the higher castes and princes was now considered important, land policy was revised and plans for radical social cha nge were shelved.